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Parkinson's Law Quantified: Three Investigations on Bureaucratic Inefficiency

机译:帕金森定律:对官僚主义的三种考察   李永忠

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摘要

We formulate three famous, descriptive essays of C.N. Parkinson onbureaucratic inefficiency in a quantifiable and dynamical socio-physicalframework. In the first model we show how the use of recent opinion formationmodels for small groups can be used to understand Parkinson's observation thatdecision making bodies such as cabinets or boards become highly inefficientonce their size exceeds a critical 'Coefficient of Inefficiency', typicallyaround 20. A second observation of Parkinson - which is sometimes referred toas Parkinson's Law - is that the growth of bureaucratic or administrativebodies usually goes hand in hand with a drastic decrease of its overallefficiency. In our second model we view a bureaucratic body as a system of aflow of workers, which enter, become promoted to various internal levels withinthe system over time, and leave the system after having served for a certaintime. Promotion usually is associated with an increase of subordinates. Withinthe proposed model it becomes possible to work out the phase diagram underwhich conditions bureaucratic growth can be confined. In our last model weassign individual efficiency curves to workers throughout their life inadministration, and compute the optimum time to send them to old age pension,in order to ensure a maximum of efficiency within the body - in Parkinson'swords we compute the 'Pension Point'.
机译:我们撰写了三篇有关C.N.的著名描述性文章。帕金森在可量化和动态的社会物理框架中的官僚效率低下。在第一个模型中,我们展示了如何使用针对小组的最新意见形成模型来理解帕金森的观察结果,即决策机构(例如橱柜或木板)的大小超过关键的“无效系数”(通常约为20)时,效率会大大降低。帕金森现象(有时被称为帕金森定律)的观察结果是,官僚机构或行政机构的成长通常与整体效率的急剧下降并驾齐驱。在我们的第二个模型中,我们将官僚机构视为工人流动的系统,随着时间的流逝,该系统进入,晋升到系统内部的各个内部层次,并在服务了一定时间后离开系统。晋升通常与下属的增加有关。在所提出的模型中,可以制定出可以限制官僚增长的相图。在我们的上一个模型中,我们将个人效率曲线分配给工人在其整个生命周期的管理,并计算将其发送到老年退休金的最佳时间,以确保在体内获得最大的效率-用帕金森的话计算“退休金点” '。

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